AQA GCSE Food Preparation and Nutrition: Revision Guide

Food Safety > Food spoilage and contamination Nutrients What happens if you have too much fat Common in the countries like the UK and causes: • Excess stored as body fat • Weight gain – obesity • Organs such as the liver store fat in them which stops them working properly • Can lead to coronary heart disease • The body will store a lot of fat in adipose tissue cells • Excess fat is also stored elsewhere in the body, e.g. around the intestines, liver and other vital internal body organs, which puts a strain on them • Excess fat stores can lead to diseases such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, shortage of breath What is the recommended amount of fat per day • The amount adults need is a % of total daily energy intake • Total fat: no more than 35% of food energy per day • Saturated fats: approximately 11% of food energy per day • Monounsaturated fatty acids: approximately 13% of food energy per day • Polyunsaturated fats: approximately 6.5% of food energy per day Revision tip Make sure that you understand and can explain: • Why foods containing fats and oils are energy dense. • Why it is important to understand about visible and invisible fats and oils (and give examples of each). Fat: a macronutrient that supplies the body with energy Oils: fats that are liquid at room temperature (e.g. sun ower oil, olive oil) Fatty acids: parts of a fat molecule Triglyceride: a fat molecule made from 1 part glycerol and 3 fatty acids Monounsaturated fatty acid: fatty acid found mainly in solid fats and liquid oils Saturated fatty acids: fatty acids found mainly in solid fats Unsaturated fatty acids: fatty acids found mainly in liquid oils Visible fats: fats in a food that you can easily see (e.g. fat on meat, a block of butter) Invisible fats: fats in a food that you cannot see because they are a part of the food (e.g. butter in cooked pastry, oils in fried foods such as potato crisps and chips) Key terms you should try to use in your answers Applying your learning You are planning to make a cold (not baked) cheesecake as part of a meal for some friends. Two of your friends are trying to reduce their energy intake from food, so you want to reduce the energy density of the cheesecake recipe by changing some of the ingredients. The ingredients for the cheesecake recipe are listed below: • Explain which ones you would change and what you would use instead of them. • Give reasons for your answers. • Carry out a nutritional analysis to show how you have reduced the energy density in the recipe by making the changes. Biscuit base: 250g digestive biscuits 100g butter Filling: 150g cream cheese 300g condensed milk 150g double cream Juice of 2 lemons Top layer: 75g Lemon curd 3210