Eduqas Chemistry for A Level Year 2: Student Bk

Exam aims Learners should: ▪ ?? ?? ?.? ?? 113 OA2.3 Carboxylic acids and their derivatives The relative acidity of carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols and water The formation of carboxylic acids by the oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes The reduction of carboxylic acids using LiAlH 4 The formation of aromatic carboxylic acids by the oxidation of methyl side-chains The decarboxylation of carboxylic acids The conversion of carboxylic acids to esters and acid chlorides and the hydrolysis of these compounds The conversion of carboxylic acids to amides and nitriles The formation of nitriles from halogenoalkanes and hydroxynitriles from aldehydes The hydrolysis of nitriles and amides The reduction of nitriles using LiAlH 4 p140 OA3.2 Amino acids, peptides and proteins The general formulae and classification of α -amino acids The amphoteric and zwitterionic nature of amino acids and their effect on melting temperatures and solubility The combination of α -amino acids to form dipeptides The formation of polypeptides and proteins The basic principles of primary, secondary and tertiary protein structure The essential role of proteins in living systems, for example, as enzymes p158 OA3.1 Amines The formation of primary aliphatic amines from halogenoalkanes and nitriles The formation of aromatic amines from nitrobenzenes The basicity of amines The ethanoylation of primary amines using ethanoyl chloride The reaction of primary amines (aliphatic and aromatic) with cold nitric(III) acid The coupling of benzenediazonium salts with phenols and aromatic amines The role of the –N=N– chromophore in azo dyes The origin of colour in terms of the wavelengths of visible light absorbed p150 OA4 Organic synthesis and analysis Synthesis of organic compounds by a sequence of reactions Principles underlying the techniques of manipulation, separation and purification used in organic chemistry Distinction between condensation polymerisation and addition polymerisation How polyesters and polyamides are formed Use of melting temperature as a determination of purity Use of high resolution 1 H NMR spectra (alongside the other spectral data specified in 2.8) in the elucidation of organic molecules Use of chromatographic data from TLC/paper chromatography, GC and HPLC to find the composition of mixtures p165