WJEC GCSE Welsh Second Language Revision Guide

Published in 2017 by Illuminate Publishing Ltd, P.O. Box 1160, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire GL50 9RW Orders: Please visit www.illuminatepublishing.com or email sales@illuminatepublishing.com © Enfys Thomas, Richard Roberts, Tina Thomas The moral rights of the authors have been asserted. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-911208-47-1 Printed by Orchard Press, Tewkesbury 11.17 The publisher’s policy is to use papers that are natural, renewable and recyclable products made from wood grown in sustainable forests. The logging and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. If notified, the publishers will be pleased to rectify any errors or omissions at the earliest opportunity. This material has been endorsed by WJEC and offers high quality support for the delivery of WJEC qualifications. While this material has been through a WJEC quality assurance process, all responsibility for the content remains with the publisher. Design and layout by Neil Sutton, Cambridge Design Consultants Cydnabyddiaeth / Acknowledgements Hoffai ‘r awduron a’r cyhoeddwr ddiolch yn ddiffuant i’r canlynol am eu caniatâd i ddefnyddio lluniau a delweddau: The authors and publisher would like to express their sincere thanks to the following for the use of photographs and images: t/p3 , tl, Shutterstock/Ivan Josifovic, t&mr, Shutterstock/pathdoc, ml, Shutterstock/pathdoc, bl, Shutterstock/Likoper, br, Shutterstock/ Peshkova; t/p6 , m, Shutterstock/Andrey_Popov, b, Shutterstock/Sergey Didenko; t/p8 , t, Shutterstock/bibiphoto; t/p14 , Shutterstock/ Ivan Josifovic; t/p16 , Shutterstock/Natykach Nataliia; t/p18 , l, Shutterstock/Denys Prykhodov, r, Shutterstock/Arcady; t/p26 , Shutterstock/ Denis Rozhnovsky, Shutterstock/antb; t/p36 , Shutterstock/Vgstockstudio; t/p38 , Shutterstock/Konstantin Chagin; t/p44 , t&b, Shutterstock/ Milosz Maslanka, t, Shutterstock/Veronica Louro; t/p48 , Shutterstock/OPOLJA; t/p54 , t, Shutterstock/Studio_G, m, Shutterstock/Yayayoyo, b, Shutterstock/BeRad; t/p64 , Shutterstock/pathdoc; tl, razorpix / Alamy Stock Photo, tr, Shutterstock/Ba dins, ml, Shutterstock/sirtravelalot, mr, Shutterstock/muzsy, bl, AR archive / Alamy Stock Photo, br, Denise Maxwell / Alamy Stock Photo; t/p72 , t, l–r, Shutterstock/Fer Gregory, Shutterstock/Mitch Gunn, Shutterstock/Iakov Filimonov, Shutterstock/Antonio Guillem, Shutterstock/Pressmaster, m, tl–br, Shutterstock/ Szekeres Szaboics, Shutterstock/Sorbis, Shutterstock/Monkey Business Images, Shutterstock/Lukovskii Andrei, b, Shutterstock/oliveromg; t/p74 , tl, Shutterstock/Diana Mower, tr, Shutterstock/Dmitri Ogleznev, bl, Shutterstock/VikaGeyder, br, Shutterstock/Timolina; t/p76 , see t/ p72 ; t/p80 , Shutterstock/Daboost; t/p82 , t, l&r, Shutterstock/Pao Laroid, m, l–r, Shutterstock/Ba Dins, CBW / Alamy Stock Photo, courtesy IAW, courtesy y Lolfa, courtesy Gwasg Carreg Gwalch, courtesy gwales.com , courtesy atebol, courtesy y Lolfa, afgof.co / Alamy Stock Photo, Shutterstock/Alexander Raths, b, l–r, courtesy y Selar, Shutterstock/zeber, courtesy Oh My Vlog, Shutterstock/SGM; t/p84 , Shutterstock/ Vgstockstudio; t/p88 , courtesy of CAA; t/p90 , courtesy of CAA; t/p92 , t–b, Shutterstock/i viewfinder, Shutterstock/urbanbuzz, Shutterstock/ Anatoly Vartanov; t/p94 , t–b, courtesy of CAA, Shutterstock/travelview, Shutterstock/Jaroslav Moravcik; t/p98 , tl–br, Shutterstock/ HE6YHIGH, Shutterstock/ronstik, Shutterstock/Chiyacat, Shutterstock/Fotofermer, Shutterstock/Featureflash Photo Agency, Shutterstock/ Featureflash Photo Agency, Shutterstock/Art Konovalov, Shutterstock/Sean Locke Photography; t/p100 , t–b, Shutterstock/Likoper, Shutterstock/kata43, Shutterstock/Ollyy; t/p102 , Shutterstock/Johan Larson; t/p104 , t, courtesy IAW, b, Shutterstock/Tommy Alven; t/p106 , Shutterstock/Tommy Alven; t/p108 , t–b, courtesy Clwb Mynydda Cymru, © 2016 Eryl Owain, Copaon Cymru, Gwasg Carreg Gwalch, courtesy Clwb Mynydda Cymru; t/p112 , Shutterstock/Billy Stock; t/p114 , t–b, Shutterstock/OozaeL, Shutterstock/Pixel 4 Images, Shutterstock/Natursports; t/p118 , courtesy S4C; t/p122 , Shutterstock/phildaint, courtesy Clwb Mymydda Cymru; t/p126 , Shutterstock/ MorganStudio, Shutterstock/stockcreations; t/p128 , Shutterstock/Mike Flippo; t/p130 , Shutterstock/John Schwegel; t/p132 , © y Lolfa; t/p136 , t, courtesy Rhys Ifans, bl, Moviestore Collection Ltd / Alamy Stock Photo, br, AF archive / Alamy Stock Photo; t/p140 and t/p142 , both, courtesy Bryn Williams; t/p144 , t–b, Shutterstock/Likoper, Shutterstock/kata43, courtesy Gomer, Shutterstock/Ollyy; t/p146 , Shutterstock/RossHelen; t/p148 , Shutterstock/Sasha Balazh; t/p152 , David Venni; t/p154 , courtesy S4C; t/p156 , Shutterstock/Pal2iyawit; t/p160 , t, Shutterstock/Featureflash Photo Agency, b, courtesy S4C; t/p162 , t, as for t/p156 , b, l–r, courtesy IAW; t/p164 , t, courtesy IAW, m, l–r, Shutterstock/Dimedrol68, Shutterstock/SnvvSnvvSnvv, Shutterstock/mama_mia, Shutterstock/Nata-Lia, Shutterstock/MaszaS; t/ p166 , Shutterstock/Elesey, Shutterstock/Phonlamai Photo; t/p168 , courtesy IAW; t/p170 , l, courtesy IAW, t&r, courtesy cip; t/p172 , l, Shutterstock/Andrey Lobachev, r, Shutterstock/paintings; t/p174 , t, courtesy Chwarae Plant, b, Shutterstock/Daboost; t/p176 , Shutterstock/ Zilu8; t/p182 , l, courtesy of Boom, r, courtesy IAW; t/p186 , Shutterstock/Thomas Quack; t/p188 , Keith Morris / Alamy Stock Photo; t/p190 , tl, Shutterstock/Thomas Quack, tr, Keith Morris / Alamy Stock Photo, b, Shutterstock/Joe Goug; t/p192 , t–b, Shutterstock/PunkbarbyO, Shutterstock/Barbara Wheeler, Shutterstock/Elena Larina, Shutterstock/tothzoli001, Shutterstock/MAHATHIR MOHD YASIN, courtesy y Lolfa; t/p194 , Shutterstock/Filip Bjorkman, courtesy atebol. ac hefyd i’r cyhoeddwyr isod am eu caniatâd i atgynhyrchu rhannau o’u gwaith: and to the following publishers for their permission to reproduce parts of their work: Cyhoeddwr Adnoddau Addysgol (CAA), Gwasg Carreg Gwalch, Adran Cylchgronau Urdd Gobaith Cymru, Y Lolfa.